CHANGE IN THE LAYERS OF EARTH IN TERM OF FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE: A STUDY

Muhammad Saqlain; Kainat Muniba; Naveed Jafar

Muhammad Saqlain Department of Mathematics, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
Kainat Muniba Department of Environment and Policy, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore
Naveed Jafar Department of Mathematics, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan

Keywords: Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core, Density, Gravitational Acceleration, Pressure, Elasticity, Temperature, Fractional Derivative

Abstract

The Earth is composed of four layers mainly known as (crust, mantle, inner core and outer core). Change in these layers caused an earthquake. The layers of earth are changed with depth, depending upon many factors, which affects the structure of earth. Change in inner core is very large and continuous and depends upon many factors like, temperature, pressure, density, gravitational acceleration, viscosity and elasticity. Temperature plays an important role in earthquake factors, many researchers thought that this change in layers is a discrete, but literature review reveals that change in layers caused by different factors is continuous and minor. So, we deal this in fractional calculus, to find this continuous change. Modifying formula into fractional change in the pressure, temperature and density are calculated by selecting the relevant formula and are compared with discrete values which are more accurate. In future this can be used to calculate change in the layers continuously which will be helpful in predicting a major change.